NO.192 If set 5 consists of the squares of the integers from -5 to 5. inclusive, how many elements are in set S ?

NO.193 The origin of the attempt to distinguish early from modern music and to establish the canons of performance practice for each lies in the eighteenth century. In the first half of that century, when Telemann and Bach ran the collegium musicum in Leipzig, Germany, they performed their own and other modern music. In the German universities of the early twentieth century, however, the reconstituted collegium musicum devoted itself to performing music from the centuries before the beginning of the
“standard repertory,” by which was understood music from before the time of Bach and Handel. Alongside this modern collegium musicum, German musicologists developed the historical sub-discipline known as
“performance practice,” which included the deciphering of obsolete musical notation and its transcription into modern notation, the study of obsolete instruments, and the re-establishment of lost oral traditions associated with those forgotten repertories. The cutoff date for this study was understood to be around
1750, the year of Bach’s death, since the music of Bach, Handel, Telemann and their contemporaries did call for obsolete instruments and voices and unannotated performing traditions – for instance, the spontaneous realization of vocal and instrumental melodic ornamentation. Furthermore, with a few exceptions, late baroque music had ceased to be performed for nearly a century, and the orally transmitted performing traditions associated with it were forgotten as a result. In contrast, the notation in the music of Haydn and Mozart from the second half of the eighteenth century was more complete than in the earlier styles, and the instruments seemed familiar, so no “special” knowledge appeared necessary. Also, the music of Haydn and Mozart, having never ceased to be performed, had maintained some kind of oral tradition of performance practice. Beginning around 1960, however, early-music performers began to encroach upon the music of Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Why? Scholars studying performance practice had discovered that the living oral traditions associated with the Viennese classics frequently could not be traced to the eighteenth century and that there were nearly as many performance mysteries to solve for music after 1750 as for earlier repertories. Furthermore, more and more young singers and instrumentalists became attracted to early music, and as many of them graduated from student- amateur to professional status, the technical level of early-music performances took a giant leap forward. As professional early-music groups, building on these developments, expanded their repertories to include later music, the mainstream protested vehemently. The differences between the two camps extended beyond the question of which instruments to use to the more critical matter of style and delivery. At the heart of their disagreement is whether historical knowledge about performing traditions is a prerequisite for proper interpretation of music or whether it merely creates an obstacle to inspired musical tradition.
The passage mentions all of the following as aspects of performance practice of the early twentieth century EXCEPT for

NO.194 EARNESTNESS:

NO.195 Al a certain high school. 90 percent of seniors who take physics also take calculus and 60 percent of seniors who take calculus also take physics. If 30 percent of seniors at the school take physics, what percent of seniors take calculus?

NO.196 Which of the following most logically completes the explanation provided?

NO.197

NO.198

In triangle ABC, side AB is congruent to side BC. If the degree measure of B is b, which of the following

represents the degree measure of A?

NO.199 The highly dispersed nature of Panzaleo pottery throughout present-day Ecuador has led archaeologists to speculate about the pottery’s origins and significance. Jijon y Caamano attributed the pottery’s distribution to trade, and based on the large quantities of pottery recovered in the Ambato-Latacunga region of the central Ecuadorian highlands, he proposed that region as the probable locus of production. However. Porras suggests that inhabitants of the subtropical eastern Andean slopes, or montaria. were the original producers of Panzaleo.
Ponas” theory involves the forced migration of the montaria population from then homeland in the Quijos River valley into the Ecuadorian highlands. The gradual exodus and ensuing dispersal of the makers of this ware could account for the diffuse distribution of the materials.
It can be inferred from the passage that Jijon y Caamano would probably agree with which of the following statements about the distribution of Panzaleo pottery throughout Ecuador?

NO.200

NO.201 Through a steady stream of books, articles, and speeches, he sought to provide (i)_________analysis of political and economic issues, thus (ii)_________, rather than merely touting, the social utility of the scientific method.

NO.202 TREMBLE : FEAR ::

NO.203

Which of the following is equivalent to for all values of x for which both expressions are defined?

NO.204 Exhibit.

NO.205

NO.206 If one dollar can buy m pieces of paper, how many dollars are needed to buy p reams of paper? [1 ream
500 pieces of paper.]

NO.207 The following appeared as a letter to the editor from the owner of a skate shop in Central Plaza.
“Two years ago the city council voted to prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. They claimed that skateboard users were responsible for litter and vandalism that were keeping other visitors from coming to the plaza. In the past two years, however, there has been only a small increase in the number of visitors to Central Plaza.
and litter and vandalism are still problematic. Skateboarding is permitted in Monroe Park, however, and there is no problem with litter or vandalism there. In order to restore Central Plaza to its former glory, then, we recommend that the city lift its prohibition on skateboarding in the plaza.” Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

NO.208 Her tendency toward_________made her willingness to step up and lead the turbulent group all the more impressive.

NO.209 DAM : DELUGE ::

NO.210 Like paleontologists who interpret timescales from fossil evidence, we infer the history of star formation in the Milky Way galaxy from the heavy-element composition of its stars. According to the big bang theory of the origin of the universe, the first gas clouds-and the first generation of stars formed from them-were composed of pure hydrogen and helium; most heavier elements- iron and calcium, for example-came later, created by explosions of supernovas, massive stars in their death throes. Loaded with heavy elements, material ejected from supernovas enriched the interstellar gas clouds from which the next generation of stars formed, the level of heavy elements increasing with succeeding generations. Because most stars live for many billions of years and because the Milky Way is thus composed of multiple stellar generations, comparing the number of stars of low heavy-element abundance with those of high heavy-element abundance enables astronomers to untangle the history of star formation in the Milky Way.
The passage contains information about each of the following subjects EXCEPT the

NO.211 Exhibit.

The variance of n numerical data x1, x2, x3, , , , , xn with the mean x is equal to were S is the sum of the equal



differences for
For the shares of stock purchased and then sold by the investors shown, the mean of the 5 numbers for Stock Y is 50 and the corresponding mean for Stock X is 70. The variance of the 5 numbers for Stock }’ is what fraction of the corresponding variance for Stock X ?
A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

NO.212 Many great inventions are greeted with ridicule and disbelief. The invention of the airplane was no exception. Although many people who heard about the first powered flight on December 17,1903, were excited and impressed, others reacted with peals of laughter. The idea of flying an aircraft was repulsive to some people. Such people called Wilbur and Orville Wright, the inventors of the first flying machine, impulsive fools.
Negative reactions, however, did not stop the Wrights. Impelled by their desire to succeed, they continued their experiments in aviation. Orville and Wilbur Wright had always had a compelling interest in aeronautics and mechanics. As young boys they earned money by making and selling kites and mechanical toys.
Later, they designed a newspaper-folding machine, built a printing press, and operated a bicycle-repair shop. In 1896, when they read about the death of Otto Lilienthal, the brother’s interest in flight grew into a compulsion. Lilienthal, a pioneer in hang-gliding, had controlled his gliders by shifting his body in the desired direction. This idea was repellent to the Wright brothers, however, and they searched for more efficient methods to control the balance of airborne vehicles. In 1900 and 1901, the Wrights tested numerous gliders and developed control techniques. The brothers’ inability to obtain enough lift power for the gliders almost led them to abandon their efforts. After further study, the Wright brothers concluded that the published tables of air pressure on curved surfaces must be wrong.
They set up a wind tunnel and began a series of experiments with model wings. Because of their efforts, the old tables were repealed in time and replaced by the first reliable figures for air pressure on curved surfaces. This work, in turn, made it possible for them to design a machine that would fly. In 1903 the Wrights built their first airplane, which cost less than one thousand dollars. They even designed and built their own source of propulsion- a lightweight gasoline engine. When they started the engine on December
17, the airplane pulsated wildly before taking off. The plane managed to stay aloft for twelve seconds, however, and it flew one hundred twenty feet. By 1905 the Wrights had perfected the first airplane that could turn, circle, and remain airborne for half an hour at a time. Others had flown in balloons or in hang gliders, but the Wright brothers were the first to build a full-size machine that could fly under its own power.
As the contributors of one of the most outstanding engineering achievements in history, the Wright brothers are accurately called the fathers of aviation.
The Wright’s interest in flight grew into a ____.

NO.213

NO.214 Exhibit.

NO.215 Normally, seeds of Emmenathe penduliflora stay dormant for years and germinate only when a fire burns through their habitat. Nitrogen dioxide in the smoke induces the seeds to germinate. Fires clear the brush, allowing germinating seeds to receive the sunlight they need to grow. The plants mature quickly, produce seeds, and then die. In areas with heavy automobile traffic, however, the seed germinates in the absence of lire, with automobile exhaust supplying the required nitrogen dioxide.
The information given, if accurate, most strongly supports which of the following hypotheses?